| Western Cultures Jesuit High School, Sacramento Home of the Marauders |
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| Repetitions |
| Western Cultures Semester Review Sheet Prologue–Rise of Democratic Ideas republic direct democracy representative democracy due process of law social contract common law vs. Roman law English Bill of Rights Renaissance & Reformation 1350-1550 Humanism Michelangelo, Donatello, Leonardo, Raphael D’Medici Family Gutenberg’s press-1450 Niccolo Machiavelli-The Prince Martin Luther Johan Tetzel indulgences 95 Theses Diet of Worms Peace of Augsburg Calvin --Institutes of the Christian Religion --predestination --Huguenots --Edict of Nantes heresy Henry VIII --Act of Supremacy Counter-Reformation --Council of Trent --Ignatius & the Jesuits Age of Discovery-1450-1700 Prince Henry of Portugal longitude Greenwich Columbus heliocentric theory --Copernicus --Galileo, telescope --Kepler Newton The Atlantic World and the resulting Commercial Revolution 1300-1750 banca banking encomienda tariff colonies triangular trade Columbian Exchange imperialism entrepreneur mercantilism Absolute Monarchs in Europe divine right Louis XIV (Fr.) Palace at Versailles Cardinal Richelieu John Locke Baron de Montesquieu Jean Jacque Rousseau Thomas Hobbes Industrial Revolution—1750-19?? ‘putting-out’ system (cottage ind.) Enclosure movements cottage industry => factory system urbanization E. Whitney --Cotton gin --interchangeable parts spinning jenny steam engine-James Watt mass production revolutions: agricultural power textiles-- iron/coal/steam transportation communication changes in urban life? 4 factors of production? unions Karl Marx Communist Manifesto Capital Adam Smith Wealth of Nations laissez-faire The Age of Democracy and Progress Chartist Movement assembly line mass culture The Age of Imperialism Social Darwinism Berlin Conference 1884-85 paternalism The Great War Changes in warfare --total war --depersonalized World War I— imperialism nationalism militarism entangling alliances Europe’s “powder keg” trench warfare unrestricted submarine warfare armistice Central Powers Allied Powers machine gun submarine airplane ethical problems --proportionality --non-combatant immunity --discrimination (who is targeted?) November 11, 1918 Fourteen Points “the Big Four” Versailles Treaty “War Guilt” clause (Article 231) League of Nations reparations Winston Churchill, Great Britain’s prime minister in the 1940s and 1950s, was under-secretary of the British Navy during World War I. He said that the Allied victory in World War I had been “bought so dear (high in price) as to be indistinguishable from defeat.” What did he mean by the statement? Use examples from class or your reading to support your answer. Years of Crisis Weimar Republic ---hyperinflation Whose ideas had a bigger impact on the world–Einstein or Freud? What role did the Great Depression have in pointing the world on the pathway to World War II? (Hint: examine carefully the Visual Summary, p.436) Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler --anschluss--Austria Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis Neville Chamberlain ---appeasement ---Munich ‘38 ---Czechoslovakia ---‘peace in our time’ Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact What weaknesses made the League of Nations an ineffective force for peace in the 1920s and 1930s? Give specific examples to prove your point. World War II Sept 1, 1939 Winston Churchill blitzkrieg Atlantic Charter Pearl Harbor Kristallnacht ghettos “Final Solution” Holocaust D-Day ---Operation Overlord —Dwight D. Eisenhower –Bernard Montgomery –Erwin Rommel Douglas MacArthur Hiroshima Nagasaki Nuremberg Trials Why do you think many Europeans favored Communism directly following World War II? Compare and contrast Japan and Germany’s goals in World War II. V-E Day V-J Day Cold War |